Marketing and Food Essay

This literature review will focus on exploring marketing strategies employed when selling food. I will be looking at what influence these marketing strategies have on consumers decision making process and the effectiveness of these strategies. It is clear that consumers don’t all buy the same things and I am interested to find out what causes this difference in product selection. There are many things that can influence these decisions, from the placement of products or the aesthetics of the product. Food companies may also take location or population into account when choosing what product to sell and where to sell it. Demographical marketing strategies use population statistics as a way of finding out what products will sell best. Lars Perner[1] uses age demographic as an example. â€Å"a firm interested in entering the market for sports drinks in a given country, or worldwide, might investigate the number of people between the ages of fifteen and thirty-five, who would constitute a particularly significant market.† In some countries such as Germany, it has been noted that the birth rate is dropping significantly, in this sort of market, a company may steer away from creating a baby food product in favour of a product geared towards older people, this is due to the old age market being larger than the young age market. Perner also discusses ‘upward pull’ marketing. This takes advantage of social class in order to increase ones desire for a product. By Portraying a product as something the upper class society would consume, it can take advantage of the consumers desire to advance their social class. Companies such as Haagen-Daas, who display their product as a luxury ice-cream, and several wine brands make use of this strategy. The layout of a supermarket also has a dramatic effect on food sales. One example is the location of the entrance into supermarkets. One study[2] suggests that if the entrance to a supermarket is located on the right side, it encourages counter-clockwise movement throughout the supermarket. Whereas if the entrance is on the left, it encourages clockwise movement. The study claims â€Å"counter-clockwise shoppers spend $2 more per trip, than clockwise shoppers.† Products that have a large profit margin are usually located around the perimeter of the supermarket, as most shoppers favour travelling around the perimeter than traversing up and down the isles. Fresh fruit and vegetable sections are usually located at the start or end of the supermarket, and are presented as a cleaner and more welcoming area to the rest of the supermarket as most shoppers spend the most money in this section. Items placed at the ends of aisles serve as and introduction the items the customer will find in that aisle, the items in the centre of the aisle will receive less time with the customer, so items that will make more of a profit will be placed towards the end of aisles. Commonly purchased items such as milk or bread are generally located at the back of a supermarket, forcing the consumer to travel through many other products in order to get the item they need. It is then that advertising and aesthetic marketing come into play. Different tactics are employed in certain aisles in order to force customers into decisions. One example may be[3] the use of music and lights in junk food aisles. By using loud music and bright lights, the supermarket may cause the customer to be overwhelmed and make an impulse decision on what to buy, they may reach out for something that would comfort them, such as their favourite junk food. In a different situation, a supermarket may employ the use of dim lights and relaxing music, in order to convince the customer to take their time and spend more time in the supermarket, in turn having them buy more products. Some supermarkets tend to move items around from time to time in order to confuse their customers, having them search through all the aisles in order to find the product, picking up other products along the way. The location of the product is also important, most customers tend to only look at products at are at eye level. The most expensive items will also be found at eye level, with better deals being hidden away above or below. The packaging of a product can also influence the decisions of a consumer. †More expensive brands tend to have fancier labelling then generic brands. Therefore we assume the quality is better and are willing to pay higher prices, regardless of whether that is true[4]† Supermarkets also make use of the senses in order to draw customers in and attempt to force them into buying something they didn’t intend to. They will cater to sight by using colours to evoke certain feelings, light blues and pinks may be used around baby food or sweet sections in order to appeal to children. Reds may be used around alcoholic beverages in order to appeal to consumers emotions such as anger or love, both of which have ties with alcohol and the colour red. They may bake fresh cakes and cookies in the bakery section to draw customers into buying the products due to the appealing smell. These findings provide evidence of a definite link between the marketing strategies used by supermarkets and brands, and the effect they have on sales of products. A number of ways in which strategies are employed have been noted, such as demographical marketing, placement of products and product aesthetics. Bibliography Perner, L. (2008). Food Marketing. Food Marketing. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/food_marketing.html (2008) The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. [ONLINE] Available at:http://tribalinsight.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/supermarket-psychology/ (2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks ———————– [1]Perner, L. (2008). Food Marketing. Food Marketing. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/food_marketing.html [2](2008) The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. The science of supermarket psychology | tribalinsight. [ONLINE] Available at:http://tribalinsight.wordpress.com/2008/08/19/supermarket-psychology/ [3](2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks [4](2008) Supermarket tricks. 2008, Supermarket tricks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://today.ninemsn.com.au/moneyandconsumer/598695/supermarket-tricks

Importance Of Oil And How It Has Changed World Politics Essay

In the modern civilization, oil has great significance.   However, many people do not consider oil to be of great significance because they only associate it with the diesel or the petrol that they use for transport purposes. According to Yergin (Yergin, p 17), the world is addicted to oil. Due to the oil’s important role in all countries all over the world especially in the industrialized nations, there is need for countries to give attention to the international oil industry. The Middle East plays a major role in world politics in relation to oil. Majority of the world oil reserves are found in the Middle East and according to the British Petroleum company data, the Gulf oil reserves in 2005 accounted for 62 per cent .Of the world total oil reserves of 1,200bn barrels, Gulf reserves accounted for 743bn barrels. In this paper, the importance of oil will be discussed and an evaluation on how oil has changed the world politics will be given. Discussion Importance of oil One of the most important roles of oil is its contribution to the global economic development.   One of the ways through which oil leads to economic development is its use in providing energy for various forms of transport such as planes, vehicles and trains. The modern civilization is built on oil.   In almost all countries all over the world, the transport system accounts for more than 50 per cent of oil consumption. The transport sector due to its high dependence on oil is estimated to contribute to the world’s 90 per cent increase in carbon emissions in EU by 2010. Development and technological advancement increases the demand for oil in the transport sector.   According to Chomat (Chomat, p 10) depends heavily in oil. Engdahl (Engdahl, p 23) asserts that in Europe and the United States, oil and oil-derived products in the transport industry account for about one third of the total amount of energy consumed in the world.   In India, China, and other developing nations in Asia, the economic prosperity and technological advancement has led to an increase in demand for oil in the transport sector as more trains, vehicles, and planes are being produced.   In America, the enormous fleet of vehicles, trains, and planes depend on oil for 97 per cent for fuel.   For countries that have oil reserves, oil that is used in the transport industry is much cheaper. Research conducted on the members of the organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) indicated that the transport sector accounts for an increase in demand for oil.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Due to the high demand for oil, world oil prices keep on increasing, making bio-fuel, solar energy and nuclear energy to become   alternative sources of energy. Apart from being used as fuel in the transport sector, oil provides energy in the operation of machines in the industries, factories, and production plants. Kenneth (Kenneth, p 36) asserts that in the industrial and domestic buildings, oil is used for heating hence making oil one of the most commonly used products at home and in industries. In the industrial sector, natural gas produced from oil has become a primary energy source.   This sector has maintained the lead in the consumption of natural gas and it is estimated that by 2030, the industrial sector will account for 43 per cent of the projected use of natural gas. The gas has become an attractive choice for the power generating plants due to its low carbon dioxide intensity as well as its relative fuel efficiency.   It is projected that by 2030, 35 per cent of world’s consumption of natural gas will be accounted for by the electricity generation plants. The developing countries consume half of the world’s production of kerosene which is used for lighting and for cooking. In the developed nations such as the United States and the European nations, kerosene is used as jet fuel. Industries and factories that produce plastics and paints use oil as a raw material.   Industries in the modern economies rely heavily on oil to produce commodities and natural gas which is produced from oil fields is a major raw material in fertilizer production.   Examples of nations that produce fertilizers from natural gas are Saudi Arabia which is currently one of the world’s largest oil producers. Yergin (Yergin, p 12) asserts that oil is very important in the production of food all over the world because it supports agricultural production activities. Oil that is derived from petroleum is used for heating, powering the combustion engines, and lighting.   When it comes to heating purposes, the high boiling point of the oil is good for cooling systems and the non-polarity quality of oil makes it very significant for lubrication for various engineering purposes. This is one reason why oil is very important in industries where machines are used for production.   The high demand for paints has been increasing over the years as modernization result to construction of buildings in urban and rural areas.   Since the 15th century, oil has been used in paint production because color pigments in paints can be suspended in oil.     Ã‚  As industries grow while others are newly established, demand for oil will continue to increase. How oil has changed world politics The use of oil in all aspects of life in the modern civilization demands that countries have easy access to the resource.   In addition, accessing oil at a cheaper price has become a critical factor for countries.   The desire by nations to attain economic prosperity and financial independence influences the diplomatic and economic relations between nations. A good example of how oil has shaped the world politics is the relationship between the West and Middle East.   Currently, Middle East region accounts for the largest world oil production. Saudi Arabia which exports oil has established diplomatic ties with the US and European nations. This influences the political relations between the nations.   Before oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia, Britain had political influence in the region.   When the kingdom of Saudi Arabia was established, King Abdul Aziz efforts to give concession to either a Britain or American companies to drill oil has changed the political relations between the West and Middle East. The American Standard Oil of California which won the concession made America have control over rich oil fields in the Kingdom at the disadvantage of the British who were competing with America for concession. Aaron (Aaron, p 21) states that since then, the political relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia have been good. The great economic benefits that oil brought to Saudi Arabia led to good diplomatic relations between the kingdom and the United States.   Although the US had earlier shown little interest in Middle East political matters due to its isolationist policies, its relations with Saudi Arabia has made the US to be greatly involved in political matters in the region. Saudi Arabia has become an ally of the United States as it pursues its political interest in Middle East. For example, due to the diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United States since the 1930s, Saudi Arabia supported the Allies during the World War I.   King Abdulaziz who is the founder of the Kingdom during the war allowed the United States aircraft to fly over the Kingdom’s territory.  Ã‚  Ã‚   This was vital for the US and allied nations. In addition, the good relations between America and Saudi Arabia assisted the US to deploy its troops during the cold war.   The US through its troops in Saudi Arabia helped it to contain the Soviet Union and eventually, the United States managed to gain political influence in the Gulf region at the expense of Britain.   The Saudi oil reserves have for a long time given America security in relation to oil. This has enabled the US maintain its political influence as a superpower. Through the diplomatic ties between Saudi Arabia and the United States, America has managed to influence the political agenda of nations such as Russia.   Just like the United States, Saudi Arabia does not support communism that is promoted by the Soviet Union. For nations to achieve economic prosperity, oil is a very critical commodity. Matthew (Matthew, p 52) states that competition for economic and political power between nations has resulted to competition for oil.   For the nations, the security of oil supplies has become an issue of concern which has in turn made the major oil producing countries which are members to the OPEC play a critical role in the security of oil supplies. It is estimated that 40 percent of oil demand in the world is met by oil supplies from OPEC countries because the countries account for 75 percent of world oil reserves.   This has compelled oil exporting nations to develop good relations with the oil producing countries.   The need to ensure that in future a country will have security of oil supplies has made countries to compete for the available oil resources. This has led to political conflicts as nations compete for the oil reserves. Furthermore, the oil trade has become an important issue in world politics.   The efforts to take control of the oil trade have influenced the development of policies which have had influence on the political issues. As nations quest for oil, the political interests of the countries which export oil aim at obtaining adequate and cheap oil. The World War II had a great impact on political relations between nations that belonged to the Allies and the Axis alliances. The war encouraged diplomatic relations between nations while it increased hostility between others. According to Miller (Miller, p, 13), the Allied forces during the war recognized the importance of oil in the war hence it tried to drain the Axis oil reserves. The Oil Campaign of World War II had Allied forces bomb the oil facilities that supplied the Nazi Germany with oil. The Allies and the Axis got involved into a military conflict due to differences in political ideology and need to have power. One of the factors that currently guarantee a nation’s of its power over other nations is oil security. To maintain power and oil security, the Allied nations formed the United Nations which up to date allows the nations to promote the achievement of their political agenda. The relations between United States, Europe and Central Asian nations which have oil reserves have influenced politics in these nations. For instance, one of the Central Asian nations that have oil reserves that the US is interested is Kazakhastan.The oil politics in Central Asia (Oil Politics in Central Asia, 2009) indicate that for the US to access Kazakhstan’s oil through pipeline, the pipeline would need to go through Afghanistan. This is considered to be the reason why the US is determined to end the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. The US â€Å"War on Terror† promotes the US war in Afghanistan which has triggered political debates and shaped political relations all over world .Another issue that Wright (Wright, p 18) points out about the US political interest in Middle East is that the US invasion in Iraq was influenced by America’s quest for oil. Various national oil companies compete for the strategic oil resources.   For example, development in Asian nations such as Japan and China has made the competition for the oil between oil companies to be stiff. The companies have been experiencing increased competition for oil in Eurasia and Middle East .In the past, the Chinese Sinopec and ENPC, India’s IOC and Russia’s Lukiol have been competing for oil resources in Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.   The oil deals made between the national oil companies and oil producing countries has encouraged good diplomatic relations between nations. Consequently, this makes the nations promote political agenda that does not affect the business deals. The need to benefit from the oil industry has encouraged trade alliances and agreements between nations.   By forming investment alliances, national oil companies from different nations can end political hostility between nations. On the other hand, political hostility between nations can result from the reluctance of nations to get engaged in oil trade deals.   For example, Russian oil companies in the past have been reluctant to establish alliances with Chinese and Western nations’ oil companies. This reluctance has continued play a role in the political relation between Russia and the nations it considers to be a threat.   Roger (Roger, p 52) confirms that when nations establish trade deals that aim at ensuring that a country has access to adequate oil, good relations makes the countries offer each other political support when the need to do so arises.   Due to the benefits the country derive from each other, the countries tend to support similar political interests.   For instance, a nation offers its political support to another country to guard itself from economic loss if the country it depends on for oil has its oil reserves affected. The Organization of Oil Exporting Countries (OPEC) for example has its member countries protect each others’ political agenda as long as it is for the good interest of the organization.   The mission of this intergovernmental organization is to ensure stability of oil markets, unify the member countries petroleum policies and ensuring regular supply of petroleum in the market. In addition, the organization commitment to ensure that those who invest in the petroleum industry get   financial returns and that oil producers get a steady income has made it necessary for its members to support political agenda that benefits the member states.   The member states which include United Arab Emirates, Ecuador, Algeria, Angola, Libya, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iraq, Nigeria and Iran through oil have managed influence global oil prices.   The internal politics of these nations affect the OPEC production quotas which in turn influence political interests of other nations which export oil.

Business Ethics And Surrounding Theories Philosophy Essay

Business Ethics And Surrounding Theories Philosophy Essay Business ethics for quite some time now has been a global issue as the case maybe in business deliveries. Business ethics may be defined as way managers take decision that will make their business reputation to be morally sound in business transaction. It entails that transparency is involve in decision making, ethical issue in business delivery is very vital to protect the image of the company (Boatright 2007). Business ethics help’s manager’s to take the right decision in business transaction in other to keep their business moving at a rapid growth in the economy (Nash 1990) Ethics can also be defined as the study of how morality are involve in human decision to build their business reputation (Borland 1999).Ethical solution to business transaction has a lot possible solution to make business to deliver it objectives. The term ethics also has another, quite different use as the case may be which is to denote the field of moral philosophy. Every manager has a way to s how transparency and accountability to the business approach, in other to make the right decision in business. ETHICAL THEORIES Teleological frameworks: these are the conduct of an individual or the outcome of an individual action.(mill, 1864).Ethical egoism entails that the decision that individual take will be in mutual interest of the organisation and balance it to be mutual beneficial in business transaction. Ego is derived from a Latin word meaning self, ethical egoism allows for self-interests to play a role in the actions of the individual as long as there are also positive benefits for others. The level of rationalization may evolve into the justification that pursuing a person self- interest is necessary to generate a positive outcome for others.(Beauchamp and Bowie 1997). Deontological frameworks: This aspect focuses whether the action is right or wrong on ethical issues. The duty of the person taking such decision is highly considered as the case may be in ethics. Ethical theories; these theories involves the way or approach which are linked with philosophical empiricism and utilitarianism.(George 1999). The act of utilitarianism deals with the decision that one will take which will make him feel relax in business transaction and the outcome of the business will be positive depending on the application. The rule utilitarian states that the decision the manager’s will result in potential rules of action. (Graham 1990). Business reputation in the context of business to business, deals with a way manager relate with other vital issue which will protect the image of the company. If adherence to the rule produces more positive result than otherwise, it is a rule that morally will be highly considered. The distinction between act and rule utilitarianism is based on the outcome should be highly considered in calculating the effect on business related issues. UTILITARIANISM: According to utilitarianism, our obligation or duty in any situation is to p erform the action that will result in the possible balance of good over evil. ln classical utilitarianism, pleasure is taken to be more beneficial to compare with pain and harms which are evil.

What makes the United States an exceptional nation Essay

What makes the United States an exceptional nation - Essay Example No indication of its success is complete without acknowledging that millions, if not billions, of people yearn to see its shores and become Americans themselves. It is a free country. But how did America become so exceptionally free? The answer must be found in its constitution. Compared to any other countries' constitutions, the American one strikes notes of freedom with every word. In its totalizing sense of humanity's place in a polity and it ingenious design, the American Constitution allowed an amazing country to be born out of the ashes of the Revolutionary War. The Constitution is one of the great documents conceived of by men. It is important to understand how a constitution functions in a state. It is a document that describes how a government will function, and, perhaps more importantly, what individual rights cannot be limited by that government. It limits power and therefore prevents tyranny. Countries such as North Korea and Libya may have constitutions, but they are not followed. There the tyrant rules all and no one has any rights whatsoever. In many ways America is an extraordinary concept—a state where the people are in charge. It is important to remember the reason why the Americans revolted against British rule and built their own country. They felt King George III was a tyrant. He refused to listen to the colonists and refused to grant them any autonomy. The men who wrote the Constitution found this to be unacceptable (Mason, 21). They wanted to try a new form of government: one for the people and by the people. Nothing like this had ever been done before. Some of the constitution's great strengths are revealed when compared to another country's constitution. Canada, for example, has a different history than America, and a different constitution. Canadians did not revolt against the British: they were loyalists. Indeed, Queen Elizabeth II is still their head of state. Their Constitution—the most important part of which is calle d the Charter of Rights and Freedoms—is a nice document but it is much quieter than the American amendments to the Constitution (Tuohy, 39). It is interesting to compare the preamble of both documents. Americans focus on Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness. Canadians on Peace, Order, and Good Government. Those two phrases just about say it all. Both documents have many of the same rights—such as the right to free speech—but the Charter has limits. Section 1 of the Charter permits any violation to be excused if it can be justified in a free and democratic society. Section 33 of the Charter permits the government to simply ignore the Charter when it wants to (Greene, 97). Surely, these two excuses are vestiges of Canadians' willingness to listen to authority and accept the word of the King on such matters. The American Constitution has no such limits. One of the greatest things about the American Constitution is the Second Amendment, the right to bear arms. This controversial provision is criticized by some, but ensures that no tyrant can ever impose his power on America (Garvey, 50). Americans have a right to weapons. Weapons are seen as a guarantor of freedom from capricious rule. The Canadian document has no such right. In fact, guns in Canada are severely restricted. Canadians are used to having outsiders, such as the British, dictate what they should do. They meekly accept their orders because that's what their constitution tells them to do. Another interesting difference between the American Constitution and the Charter is section 15 of the latter. This enshrines affirmative action as a protected right. Some people also, appropriately, call affirmative action positive discrimination. In America, people make their way in the world based

Interest Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Interest Groups - Essay Example The students are the affected people when the parent reaches a point that he/she cannot pay the school fees because their learning is affected. The people who are likely to join the group are the parents. The parents will bear the whole burden. When the cost of education increases, the parents will have to strain when looking for fees. They will join the group because the group will assist to advocate for the reduction of fees or some part being subsidized (Sweenay & Grant 2012, p. 77). The strategy I would use is to approach the institution and discuss the rising costs of education. This will be after forming the group and we will accompany each other with the group members. This will assist as we will assist each other when discussing the issue with the relevant bodies in the institution. The first step is to ask the institution the reasons for the rising costs of education. After getting their views in the reasons, we will go to the next step, which will be the possible solutions to the problem. The next step is to ask and check if there are any unnecessary costs on the budgeted expenditure (Nà ­ Bhrolchà ¡in & Beaujouan 2012, p. 103). If there is any cost that is unnecessary, we shall request the institution to drop the expenditure for the sake of reducing costs. This is because the reduction in costs will help the parents not to strain and at the same time, our studies will not be disrupted. If the institution will not respond to our request, we will take le gal steps. This means we shall seek for assistance from the respective law societies. After getting the feedback from the institution, we shall present it to the parents and other stakeholders whom we were representing. The money to be used in this process will be raised from the student unions. This is because there are some funds set for various activities organized by the student representatives in the university. We will present the opinion to the relevant officials of the

LEGAL AND FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

LEGAL AND FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT - Assignment Example This is the proportion of work done at the end of that period. UITF 40 method increases profits and tax. A single charge for service providers results in high financial difficulties and may lead to closure of the business. This affects service providers where a large amount of revenue is earned by owners and not employees. In case the contract is short-term, revenue is earned after selling or after working. Sometimes it may take place after delivery of the goods and their acceptance by the customers. Identification of UITF Abstract 40 has the highest benefits to proprietors who have contributed the highest value of the contract. Prior year adjustment accounts require a review of WIP for the earlier years which includes opening and closing balances, goodwill in the balance sheet that has been written off or amortised for any contracts that are in progress. All previous year’s figures are restated. All unaudited company accounts are added. While calculating incomes, ACCA advises that owners should deduct any incomplete work that is not billed in debtors-accrued income. Deduct all unclear balances of any contract; write off all insignificant amounts or any balances. Time records, diaries assess recovery records. The value of debtors is calculated as unbilled contracts. This contract contains all conditions agreed upon. They may include payment, working hours, overtime work and pay and resignation notices. Grace and Taylor require a written employment contract since they are many and work in various departments. According to Crmraeg (2014), employment contract contains employees’ employment conditions, their rights, responsibilities, and duties. Contracts are effective from the beginning of the work offer. The commencement of work indicates that the worker has agreed to the terms of the contract with the employer. Contracts will benefit this company since it contains details of payments, holidays,

Nazi germany Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nazi germany - Research Paper Example For instance, top administrators communication was answerable to Hitler and pursued his regulations, but they had some significant autonomy. The state was not a controlled, working jointly organ, but instead an assortment of blocs struggling to accumulate power and get support from Fuhrer. At the center of the Great Depression, the Nazi Government reinstated growth and stop mass joblessness by use of heavy military costs alongside mixed economy of central-scheming, as well as free-market practices. Wide carrying out of public works comprising construction of the Autobahns. The restoration of economy offered the regime substantial popularity; for instance, the restraint of all resistance made Hitler’s power largely unconcealed (Heller 243). Racisms, mostly antisemitism that was practiced were the fundamental precept of the Nazi German. German developed largely vibrant demands on the Jews, claiming declaration of war in case such demands were not fulfilled. Nazi German as a move ment that developed among fuming young scholars in early 1920s. The movement declined the Treaty of Versailles (1919), democracy general, as well as the Weimar republic. This group of young veterans call for the restoration of the Aryan race and accused the Jews for Germany’s challenges. ... ovement, it assured its subject of concrete authoritarian power, radical economic rules, civil peace, raised lebensraum for Germanic citizens, creation of the national society depended on racial cleansing and race through the vibrant Jews suppression. In addition, the Nazis pledged cultural as well as national regeneration depending on the Volkisch organization, suggested rearmament, traditionalism, reclamation, as well as the repudiation of reparations of borders lost to the Treaty of Versailles (Tooze 211). How German descend fast to a dictator state When Hitler was elected in January 1933, German state still enjoyed democratic form of government. Germany always had fair elections where no one had the power to be abused while voting. There were multiple political parties where citizens could choose for themselves which party could deliver and provide them with the desired leadership. On the other hand, to pass a law, the Reichstag had to accept to the new law following the bill goi ng through the common procedure of debate, opinions etc. The members of the Reichstag of 1933 comprised of 50% members who were against the Nazi Party. Thus, it would have been highly impossible for Hitler to make pushed into law what he proposed. Most thought of Hitler as a fall-member politician that may have to take responsibility to blame in case things got worse over his rule. Hitler had assured a general election for March 1933 of which this may have been, within his mind, the best chance for him to demonstrate all politicians who differed with him where the actual loyalties stay among the German citizens. A week prior to election was set to occur, the Reichstag building went up in flames. Hitler quickly claimed that it was the symbol for the communist conquers of the county. Hitler

The Greater Good Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Greater Good - Essay Example Leaders have the greatest responsibility to ensure that the whole society benefits from their leadership more than they benefit themselves. A good leader is the one who believes that leadership is an individual decision and sacrifice to dedicate their time, as well as their energy to bring benefits not to themselves, but to the needs of other people. The greatest problems in the society have been overcome by leaders who have been able to cause a greater good (Burnes, 2012). In doing this, they have been able to bring the society together to share in a common commitment, that is of good to every one. Leaders can achieve a greater good, by ensuring that they always put the needs of their followers first before their own needs. This means that even sometimes sacrificing their ambitions for the sake of the society. To foster greater good, the leaders in any society have to practice ethical leadership. This is where the leaders are mindful of others rights and dignity. Since leaders have social power at their disposal, they always have to ensure that they use this power to make decisions that are beneficial to their followers (Hauser, 2012). Such leaders usually have high level of integrity. Such leaders are always aware that their decisions have great impact to other people, they always ensure that their decision serve the greater good instead of their individual good. In doing this, the leaders ensure that they influence their followers positively by ensuring that their behaviors, as well as characteristics are an encouragement to their admirers. Their followers copy the good behaviors of their leaders, something which have positive effect on the whole society. Leaders can also foster greater good by ensuring that they are servant leaders. This can be achieved by the leaders ensuring that they listen to the views of those that they lead, as well as being sincerer with them. This makes the people under them to freely share their ideas as

Discuss the paradoxes and tensions of pay systems and the problems Thesis

Discuss the paradoxes and tensions of pay systems and the problems these create for the management of the employment relationship - Thesis Example pectations relevant to financial remuneration from employee perspective shall be determined from his qualification, previous work experience, and role in the organization, performance and potential assessment by the employer, work load and cost of living (inflation). The employer share a different perspective while accounting for the salary package for the organization, the bench marking is conducted against the local industries, the profits of the company are monitored, the investment plans are verified and lastly the performance and need of the employee. The perspective shared by employer and employee are therefore distinct, and such distinction has in many cases failed to develop appropriate settlement between the parties on this issue (Mahler, 1986). As per Adams Equity Theory, the inputs and putputs of the employee shall maintain equilibrium. The performance of the employee is closely monitored by the employer on the scale of profit-return, productivity, and maintenance and functional cost-cutting. Therefore in many organizations the pay systems are exclusively designed to offer financial rewards to the individuals who have contributed to the organization, instead of offering such deals to all the employees (David, 2000). There are systems where pay system is employee-centric, irrespective of contribution and performance of an individual, however such system has been nightmare for the employers due to the resignations of the high-performance employees, and consider it as unfair system. The employees have simple desire to be based fairly for their performance and achievements, and their salary shall necessarily take into account the cost of living. The employers share similar approach; however its execution is primarily profit margin driven followed by cost-cutting for the launch for new investment plans. This practice is widely common among the employers of South Asia inclusive of China, India, Malaysia and Thailand (Hamel, 2000). The pay system offered by

Global Logistics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Logistics - Assignment Example Now the main reason behind this feasibility study is that an optimum route and port has to be selected for the transport and shipment of goods from factory and port to the warehouse at Jabel Ali. Also the transportation cost has to be kept in mind so that it doesn’t put load on the cost of the product. The transportation vehicles, their cost and size has to be aligned with the size of the lot produced and the cost incurred in transporting goods to the port in the longer run. This measure will be calculated by comparing lot size, minimum expenditure and time that will be incurred in transportation of material as time is the most critical factor in many cases. Also there are various type of options available during logistics and shipments of goods and various costs incurred with these. The main reason for mentioning this is that the new Factories have been established in territories which are new for the company and the company is not familiar with working of transportation, shi pment and labor costs of these regions. For this survey of these regions has to be done so that a tentative cost structure could be drafted. On formulation of this cost structure further measures will be taken to select an optimum line up or partners so the process of collection of goods from the manufacturing site to its transportation to port through logistic partners and then shipment to the distribution through freight forwarding partners is cost effective and has optimum time line. PROCEDURES (selection of Partners) : Next a suitable selection of trustful Freight forwarders will be done who shall transport the goods from India and Brazil. Now the selection shall involve various steps which shall be quite critical in finding the most suitable freight forwarder. First phase shall include pooling of such forwarders who have a reputable name in the industry and are capable enough to ship the given amount of container each week so that no delay is faced and no risk of inventory stoc k out is faced at the warehouse in Jabel Ali. Now this phase shall give us an opportunity to gather contact with forwarders which shall be useful in future and we’ll have a thorough idea of the market rates. In the next phase the forwarders will be requested to submit their bids for contract. These bids will be thoroughly checked and the one best suited to company’s policy shall be short listed. The criteria for short listing will not be only limited to the best rates given to us but actually the freight forwarding companies who have more inclination to make us their clients rather than just try to get this order. Third phase shall require short listing of the companies and terms will be dealt with them to form long term strategic alliance which shall be mutually beneficial for our company and the forwarding partner. Final phase will be to decide the most trustworthy and beneficial company to partner with. After final agreements and terms are settled the chosen forward er is given contract of forwarding the containers and in return the company promises us the best service. SELECTION OF PORT The selection of port shall be quite critical as it’ll decide the time required to ship container from source to destination i.e. from India and Sao Paolo to Jabel Ali. The main reason behind this step being the most critical is that even if every process i.e. production, logistics etc are following proper schedule but the port selected is a little far away than it’

Blue Ocean Strategy Essay Example for Free

Blue Ocean Strategy Essay Competing in overcrowded industries is no way to sustain high performance. The real opportunity is to create blue oceans of uncontested market space. Blue Ocean Strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne Included with this full-text Harvard Business Review article: 70 Article Summary The Idea in Brief—the core idea The Idea in Practice—putting the idea to work 71 Blue Ocean Strategy 80 Further Reading A list of related materials, with annotations to guide further exploration of the article’s ideas and applications Reprint R0410D Blue Ocean Strategy The Idea in Brief The best way to drive profitable growth? Stop competing in overcrowded industries. In those red oceans, companies try to outperform rivals to grab bigger slices of existing demand. As the space gets increasingly crowded, profit and growth prospects shrink. Products become commoditized. Ever-more-intense competition turns the water bloody. How to avoid the fray? Kim and Mauborgne recommend creating blue oceans— uncontested market spaces where the competition is irrelevant. In blue oceans, you invent and capture new demand, and you offer customers a leap in value while also streamlining your costs. Results? We chose to show American industries because they represented the largest and leastregulated market during our study period. The pattern of blue ocean creations exempli? ed by these three industries is consistent with what we observed in the other industries in our study. harvard business review †¢ october 2004 page 73 Blue Ocean Strategy Key blue ocean creations Was the blue ocean created by a new Was it driven by entrant or an technology pioneering incumbent? or value pioneering? New entrant Value pioneering* (mostly existing technologies) Value pioneering (some new technologies) Value pioneering (some new technologies) At the time of the blue ocean creation, was the industry attractive or unattractive? Unattractive Automobiles Ford Model T Unveiled in 1908, the Model T was the ? rst mass-produced car, priced so that many Americans could afford it. GM’s â€Å"car for every purse and purpose† GM created a blue ocean in 1924 by injecting fun and fashion into the car. Incumbent Attractive Japanese fuel-ef? cient autos Japanese automakers created a blue ocean in the mid-1970s with small, reliable lines of cars. Incumbent Unattractive Chrysler minivan With its 1984 minivan, Chrysler created a new class of automobile that was as easy to use as a car but had the passenger space of a van. Incumbent Value pioneering (mostly existing technologies) Unattractive Computers CTR’s tabulating machine In 1914, CTR created the business machine industry by simplifying, modularizing, and leasing tabulating machines. CTR later changed its name to IBM. Incumbent Value pioneering (some new technologies) Unattractive IBM 650 electronic computer and System/360 In 1952, IBM created the business computer industry by simplifying and reducing the power and price of existing technology.

The Fifth Child Essay Example for Free

The Fifth Child Essay The main characters in this novel are Harriet and David Lovatt. They met each other at an office Christimas party, where they see each other from across a room crowded with dancing, drinking people and recognize, as they study each other, that they are fundamentally quite similar. In 1960`s they decide to marry and invest everything they have into a rambling Victorian house. Both of them have ideals like fidelity,family life and a permanent house. Harriet and David Lovat are a conventional couple in 1960’s England. Their only oddity seems to be their desire for a large family, and when they produce four children in quick succession, they seem to be building the happy family they want. The Christian connotations of the names of the male children, Paul and Luke, are unmistakable, and this layer of meaning is reinforced by the way the entire family regularly assembles from far and wide to celebrate the great festivals of the religious year. Even they are happy with their four children, she gets pregnant again with the fifth child, but she has a strange feeling that this child is different from the others. She feels the unborn baby to be a savage thing, and baby Ben emerges like a beast of the Apocalypse, an anti-Christ. He started to move violently and too early inside Harriet. The birth is one month early and very difficult. After half a year he is able to walk without help, but it`s not only very strong, he is also extremly aggressive too. Over the next few years they are forced to recognize that „little† Ben is more like a monster, not a child and his violent behaviour produces some horrifying accidents. He often beats his brothers and sisters. „Harriet was wondering why she was always treated like a criminal. Ever since Ben was born it’s been like this, she thought. Now it seemed to her the truth, that everyone had silently condemned her. I have suffered a misfortune, she told herself; I haven’t committed a crime. †

Multidisciplinary Team Pain Management

Multidisciplinary Team Pain Management Introduction In spite of advances in pain management (Apfelbaum et al., 2003; Fotiadis et al., 2004; Powell et al., 2004; Wu and Richman, 2004), postoperative pain still remains a major clinical problem confronting healthcare providers (Klopfenstein etal., 2000; Klopper et al., 2006; Sjà ¶strà ¶m, Dahlgren and Haljamà ¤e, 1999). Many patients continue to experience postoperative pain (Gilmartin and Wright, 2007; Manias et al., 2005; Schafheutle et al., 2001) with about 69% of them experiencing moderate to severe pain after surgery (Apfelbaum et al., 2003). According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (1979: 250), pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage described in terms of such damage. This definition emphasises on the subjective nature of the pain experience which can be influenced by multiple factors (International Association for the Study of Pain, 2003). As a result of this, McCaffery (1983: 14) defines pain as whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever she says it does. Apart from pain signifying an actual or potential tissue damage, it is of no significance and leads to detrimental effects (Apfelbaum et al., 2003). Unrelieved postoperative pain can lead to disturbed emotional states, sleep deprivation, reduced physical and social performance, impaired quality of life (Reyes-Gibby, Aday and Cleeland, 2002; Strassels, Cynn and Carr, 2000), patient dissatisfaction (Shang and Gan, 2003), delayed discharge (Rejeh et al, 2008), increased use of healthcare resources (Fortner et al., 2003; Mystakidou et al., 2005; OMahony et al., 2005) and its associated high costs of hospitalisation (Huang et al., 2001). From an ethical point of view, postoperative pain should be properly managed to prevent needless suffering and avoidable complications (Kehlet, 1989), so as to increase function and to improve the quality of life (Goudas et al., 2001; Reyes-Gibby et al., 2002; Strassels et al., 2000). Notwithstanding several barriers prevent the successful management of pain. The aim of this proposal is to justify the need for a study that will explore the barriers to effective postoperative pain management from a multidisciplinary health team approach. The proposal will commence with a literature review on barriers to effective pain management followed by the appropriate research methodology that can be used in carrying out the study. Finally, the contributions of the research in filling the gaps of previous studies will be discussed. Literature Review In spite of numerous studies conducted on the different aspects of pain, the factors that affect pain management have not been completely identified (Rao, 2006). Greater research efforts are therefore required to identify the factors that affect the effective management of pain (Weissman et al., 2004). Barriers to effective pain management have been classified into that of the patient, clinician and the healthcare system (Cleeland, 1987; Joranson, 1993; Von Roenn et al., 1993; Ward et al., 1993;). Specifically, patient-related barriers have been categorised into communication (Glajchen et al., 1995), psychological (Glajchen, 2001) and attitudinal factors (Ward et al., 1993). According to Im, Guevava and Chee (2007), there is poor patient communication concerning pain and undermedication due to language barrier and insufficient money to purchase additional drugs. Psychological issues such as anxiety, distress, depression, anger and dementia have also been shown to cloak the symptoms of pain leading to poor pain management (Glajchen, 2001). Also, patient attitudes serve as the greatest impediment to the effective management of pain. These include fear of addiction (Dar et al., 1992; Ferrell, 1991; Melzak, 1990), tolerance (McCaffery and Beebe, 1989), side effects (Levin et al., 1985), fear of injections (Twycross and Lack, 1984), feelings of fatalism (Diekmann et al., 1989; Levin et al., 1985), association of pain with worsening disease states (Diekmann et al., 1989; Twycross an d Lack, 1984), belief that pain is inevitable and unmanageable (Ward et al., 1993), fear of distracting clinicians from treatment focus (Cleeland, 1987; Diekmann et al., 1989) and the desire to please clinicians (Cleeland, 1987; Twycross and Lack, 1984). On the other hand, insufficient knowledge, poor pain assessment skills, negative attitudes and physician reluctance to prescribe analgesics have also been shown as some of the clinician-barriers to effective pain management (Cleeland, 1993; Von Roenn et al, 1993). A study conducted in Iran revealed that institutional policies and regulations, limited time, poor communication, work overload, powerful physicians and the subjection faced by the nursing profession are some of the nursing-related barriers to postoperative pain management (Rejeh et al., 2008). Another study conducted by Rejeh et al. (2009) also depicted nurses limited authority, poor patient relationship, inadequate educational preparation and the interruptions in pain management measures serve as impediments in the effective management of postoperative pain in Iran. Some of the barriers in the healthcare system include strict regulatory scrutiny (Cleeland et al., 1994), changes in reimbursement policies (in cases where older patients have to pay for the cost of outpatient prescription drugs) (Glajchen et al., 1995), the lack of neighbourhood pharmacies, poor means of transportation and the absence of higher doses of opioids in the health system (Glajchen, 2001). Ultimately, these factors lead to inappropriate selection of analgesics and its subsequent poor management of patients pain (Glajchen, 2001). It can be realised from the literature that, most of the barrier-related studies on pain have mainly been in the form of quantitative studies conducted on chronic conditions such as cancer(Glajchen et al., 1995; Glajchen, 2001; Im et al., 2007; Joranson, 1993; Ward et al., 1993) and AIDS (Brietbart et al., 1998). This approach often leaves the reader in questioning why and how these factors serve as barriers. Moreover, studies conducted on clinician-related barriers (Rejeh et al., 2008; Rejeh et al., 2009; Van Niekerk and Martin, 2003; Von Roen et al., 1993) have always taken a uni-modal approach (either physicians or nurses) while neglecting other professionals such as the anaesthesiologist/ anaesthetist who also play a part in postoperative pain management. By virtue of this, a comprehensive understanding of the barriers that are faced by the multidisciplinary health team involved in postoperative pain management will enable a more targeted approach to improved patient care (Manias etal. 2005; Schafheutle etal. 2001). Research Methodology My research seeks to gain an in-depth understanding of the factors that impede the effective management of postoperative pain from a multidisciplinary health team approach. As a result, a qualitative design will be most appropriate in the conduction of the study in Ghana. The reason for choice of the location is that no previous studies have been conducted on the issue in this geographical area. Prior to the commencement of the study, ethical approval will have to be sought from the various ethics committees of the hospitals that would be included in the study. Some of the ethical issues such as the participants autonomy, confidentiality and anonymity during the study period will be addressed appropriately. All participants would be informed of the purpose and design of the study, as well as the voluntary nature of their participation. Informed consent will be obtained from the participants in the form of writing and will be signed by them to serve as   evidence for their voluntary participation. Semi-structured interviews will be used in collecting the data so as to gain in-depth information to specific questions (Hove and Anda, 2005). Like most qualitative studies, the findings of this study cannot be generalised to other settings but would provide rich information on the barriers faced by health care professionals in managing postoperative pain. This will then pave the way for appropriate strategies to be implement in solving this problem. Healthcare professionals with a minimum of 5-year working experience in surgical units, in major hospitals in each region of Ghana would be included in the study. The reason is to acquire professionals who have sufficient work experience to enable them analyse barriers affecting the management of post-operative pain. Also, purposeful sampling technique will be used for recruiting participants in this study. In the conduct of this study, data collection and analysis will proceed concurrently until the development of themes related to health professionals barriers affecting post-operative pain management is achieved. Data collected will be analysed using content analysis (Morse and Field 1995; Sandelowski, 2000) to generate codes, categories and themes. By means of theoretical sampling, additional participants will be selected until theoretical saturation is achieved and no new information emerges. Participants will be contacted after the analysis and will be given a full transcript of their respective coded interviews with a summary of the emergent themes to determine whether the codes and themes matched their stated barriers. Maximum variation of sampling (in terms of the type of profession, years of working experience) will also enhance the conformability and credibility of data. This sampling strategy will enable the me to capture a vast range of views and experiences (Streubert and Carpenter 2003). Contributions of the Research Conducting a research is not an end in itself, but a means to an end. As a way of finding solutions to the problem of ineffective postoperative pain management, it will be prudent to understand the causes of these barriers so as to devise appropriate strategies. The success or failure of pain management largely depends on factors that influence the health professionals practical care for patients with post-operative pain. The findings of this study will provide insights into the factors that affect the management of postoperative pain from a multidisciplinary health team approach. By so doing, it will not only integrate diverse perceptions but also incorporate other key stakeholders in postoperative pain management (anaesthesiologist/anaesthetist) who have been left out in previous studies. Moreover, the proposed study will contribute to already existing literature by giving appreciable insights on the factors that affect the entire health team in the management of postoperative pain. Also, the involvement of the major stakeholders in postoperative pain management will stimulate the interest of each of the professionals groups thereby enlightening each other about the barriers and how they can be solved. Ultimately, this will improve patient care, enhance staff satisfaction and boost the integrity of our health institutions.

Napoleon Essay -- essays research papers

Guidance to Freedom or Just Another Tyrant?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When most people think of Napoleon Bonaparte they think of either a tyrant emperor or a brilliant war strategist. Maybe both are right but in whatever conclusion any person comes to, they will know he was a small man who accomplished many great things. Napoleon conquered countries and developed a mass empire, which led to his celebrity like fame. He was a man that respected cultures and every religion and even cried when his men died on the battlefield. Bonaparte was an amazing person who drove himself with great ambition to become one of the greatest leaders ever in history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In life every great leader has had their own story to tell. Napoleon was born a Corsican, at Ajaccio, in 1769. He had seven brothers and sisters and he was also a descendent from the Florentine nobility. He moved to France and started school at the age of nine. At school he was picked on because of his Italian accent and because of his influent French. When he turned sixteen he joined the French artillery and became a lieutenant in a short period of time. Napoleon spent the next seven years reading the works of philosophers and educating himself in military matters, by studying the campaigns of great military leaders of the past. He then became a general and then in 1795 was appointed to stop an uprising in Paris and seceded in doing so. After stopping the uprising he was then given the position of commander in chief of the interior French army in Italy. In 1799 he was elected as the First Consul of France because the people were sick of the directory. He rose up in power in the military and also politically. He then formed his own empire and won many battles with his brilliance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bonaparte was an intelligent man with an extrodinary memory, while staying very open minded toward other people’s beliefs. As Vox states â€Å"When he had an hour for diversion, he not infrequently employed it in looking over a book of logarithms [†¦]. So retentive was his memory of numbers, that sums over which he had once glanced his eye were in his mind ever after (69).† If I lived in his empire I would at least respect Napoleon for his brilliance, his ability to memorize information, and his will to learn more. Although, Napoleon still had his flaws. He was still only human ... ...gh his extremely successful Italian campaigns, his revolutionary changes in the French government and battles against the Third Coalition Napoleon gave France total domination over Western Europe. France then became a great nation because of Napoleon’s brilliance and achievements as a leader. Works Citied Blair, Victor. Napoleon, The Man, Encapsulated. 10 Dec. 2002   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Britt, Alber Sidney. The Wars of Napoleon. New Jersey: Avery Publishing Group Inc.,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1985 Holtman, Robert. Napoleonic Propaganda. New York: Greenwood Press Publishers, 1969 Holtman, Robert. The Napoleonic Revolution. New York: J.B. Lippincott Company,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1967 Markham, Felix. Napoleon and the Awakening of Europe. London: The English   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Universities Press Ltd., 1954 Miller, Tom. Before Brumaire: Napoleon’s Development as a Ruler. 10 Dec. 2002   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Naylor, John. Waterloo. London: Pan Books Ltd., 1960 Vance, Thomas. The Lost Voices of Napoleonic Historians. 10 Dec. 2002   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vox, Maximilien. Napoleon. New York: Grove Press Inc., 1960

U.S. National Debt Essays -- Argumentative Economics Economy Papers

U.S. National Debt The U.S. national debt has reached an alarming proportion. As it steadily increases, it's effect may not be felt now, but it will be in the future. Paul Gregory and Roy ruffin, in their book entitled Economics, linked deficits with inflation in the long run (251). Demand-side inflation of this type fails to increase the GDP, but instead just increases prices. Continuous increases in prices do not benefit the country or future generations. Also entitlements, such as Social Secriuty and Medicaid, now engulf a large percent of the deficit. Figures from the article "The Entitlement Quaqmire" (http://www.europa.com/~blugene/deficit/entitlements.html) concluded that Social Secruity was the largest portion of the entitlements, which total to around one-half of the budget. While the older generations now benefit from this debt by paying lower taxes and receiving these entitlements, the younger generations will have to bare the burden of the debt run-up by these exha!ustive expenditures without recieving any benefit from them. With a future of inflation and indebtedness from which no benefit for the payee was received, demonstrates the debt will have an effect on the economy and not for the better. Some may argue that the Keynsian approach of increasing the AD by running a deficit is necessary. A liberal Democrat, Joe Schwartz in his editorial(http://comemac4.bsd. uchicago.edu/DSALit/DL/DL954#1) expre...

Wind Power as an Alternative Energy Source Essay -- Energy Power Globa

Wind Power as an Alternate Energy Source Graphics not Included ABSTRACT The United States' main source of energy is currently fossil fuels. However, we know that fossil fuel supply continues to deplete and sooner or later, the United States will need to resort to a new source of energy. This report hopes to explore the advantages and disadvantages of wind power using model regions. These regions have experience in using wind power, which may help us determine whether or not it is a suitable source of energy when fossil fuels are completely drained. From examining Denmark and other places benefiting from this clean and unlimited source of wind power, we believe that the United States possesses enough wind, money, and other resources to use wind power as a main future source of energy. INTRODUCTION Wind is air with kinetic energy. It is formed at different positions on the Earth's surface. Warm air heated up by the sun expands and rises while cool air moves in to take its place creating winds. Wind is a renewable energy, which is means that as long as the sun is still shining, wind will remain. The use of windmills to slow down the speed of wind can generate electricity. The wind flowing through the blade causes lift; which in turn, makes the blades rotate. These blades are attached to a drive shaft, which is connected to an electric generator that creates electricity. See figure 1. QuickTime? and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. Fig 1(Wind Energy-Energy from Moving Air, 2005) Scientists say that there are many possible sites for windmills and that 37 states are capable of generating electricity through wind power (Wind Energy?Energy from Moving Air, 2005). An average wi... ...nergyfacts/sources/renewable/wind.html Willis, Bill (2002) Wind Power. WCS Science, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.wcsscience.com/windpower/page.html DeLespinasse, Paul F. (January 2004) How Many Windmills Would $87 Billion Buy? Common Dreams NewsCenter, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.commondreams.org/views04/0112-07 (no author) (no date) Food, Land, Population, and the U.S. Economy. CARRYING CAPACITY NETWORK, retrieved August 1, 2005, from http://www.carryingcapacity.org/resources.html (no author) (June 2005) North Dakota Wind Energy Development. American Wind Energy Association, retrieved August 2, 2005, from http://www.awea.org/projects/northdakota.html Akselsson, Mattias. (September 2004) The World's Leader in Wind Power. Scandinavica, retrieved August 2, 2005, from http://www.scandinavica.com/culture/nature/wind.htm

Backround of a Language Learner

Nazrahdin (Nas) moved from his native Algiers to the United States in a quest to gain live a better life and to be able to make enough money to send some back to his family each month. His uncle Talib has lived in America for seven years and was the main reason Nas made the move. Nas is currently working as a valet attendant at a hotel. His language proficiency is quite high. He is fully bilingual with Arabic and French and he can also understand a bit of Spanish. His English abilities are elementary.That being said, when speaking with him he is quite effective at communicating his ideas through non-verbal methods and patience. He is eager and willing to be taught and he always has questions to ask. Currently his uncle and aunt are the main sources of information and teaching when it comes to English. At work Nas does not interact with customers, except when absolutely necessary. He is not comfortable enough with the language and his coworkers do not want him to converse with custome rs due to his limitations with English.For this reason Nas is beginning to read and listen to English lessons in an attempt to gain fluency. He wants to become comfortable enough with the language within the next six months so as to be able to interview for a public transportation job through the city. He did not have to interview for the valet position because his uncle worked him into the job. With his enthusiasm and track record of learning other languages, his goal is well within reach.When I interviewed Nas and asked him about what his ultimate goal is, he replied, â€Å"Really I want money for family that I work for so I can buy me a home here to live. † His ideas come across quite clearly and the thing I noticed most about this statement was not the broken grammar, but the clarity of though and the seriousness with which he delivered his ambition. He maintains eye contact and uses his hands to emphasize his points. I notice his non-verbal connotations almost more than his verbal cues, especially when he is speaking in Arabic with Talib.They are both very animated and outgoing and their arms are in constant motion when they are speaking. They also use intonation to great effect so that even though I do not understand a word of Arabic, I can fairly accurately gauge the tones and attitude of what they are talking about. In this way, I think the main goals that we will work for in our English lessons will be to translate that non-verbal communication into everyday expressions in English. Nas, at least at this point, is not interested in the finer details of grammar and lexicon.What he most wants is to ‘tell a good joke that people smile. ’ He wants to become conversational. He does not need nor want to learn academic rules. He wants to be able to meet a stranger and be able to talk to them. He wants to be able to fulfill his objectives at work. He wants to be able to secure his own job and not to rely on Talib. Mostly, he wants to become more than just a card-carrying American citizen, he wants to exercise his mind and rights through the use of English.That being said, we will face obstacles in the implementation of this new language because it is not related to the romance languages of French and Spanish and it definitely has little in common with the rhythmic Arabic of his native language. We will begin by integrating cross-cultural themes that draw connections between his life in Algeria and here in the U. S. His mind is already developed and he has been successful in his endeavors up to this point. I do not want to tutor him like I would a younger person.I think a great way for us to move forward will be to watch television and movies that have similar interests as well as subtitles, whether in Arabic, French, or Spanish. I want to cultivate a multi-disciplinary approach that focuses on getting ideas to translate more than having them be perfectly grammatical, especially considering that most conversational Eng lish does not abide by the rules of the book of grammar, even to native speakers. I think we will have greater success in implanting English into Nas’ everyday life because he already has the model of his Uncle Talib.Talib had learned English in less than a year after moving the America. Like Nas, he had a very limited knowledge of the language beyond a few expressions before moving here. Nas has the added advantage of already holding a job where he is surrounded by native English speakers and Talib. Whenever Nas cannot grasp what we are talking about in English, he and Talib discuss it together in Arabic and then Nas will come back to the discussion and reiterate his opinion.I am confident that Nas will succeed in his goal to learn English in order to gain full-time employment that utilizes his language skills. He has a positive example to base his optimism and he is one of the most fearless non-native English speakers I have met when it comes to trying to speak in a languag e you are not fluent in. The fact that he will continue to ask questions, to continue to make mistakes and to continue applying himself is an accomplishment unto itself and yet he does not cut corners. This makes the tutoring process not only easier, but much more enriching for all involved parties.

The Negative and Positive Effects of Cosmetic Surgery

Are you considering augmentative performance? The numbers of persons electing these surgeries be growing speedily each year. Much of this rapid increment is be excite of advances in technology that perplex make plastic outgrowth techniques both safer and much(prenominal)(prenominal) affordable, as well as faux pas down on recovery time. nonfunctional surgical work out amends body image and conceit and reconstructive functioning fixes irregularities such(prenominal) as hereditary disorders, birth defects, or new(prenominal) health issues. These surgeries atomic number 18 an extremely everyday manner to enhance self-esteem except there are seeks an soul should make love before having a surgical procedure.Although these surgeries affirm been practiced for years, they cigarette be noisome and m some(prenominal) individuals whitethorn expose themselves to an expensive addiction if they are not pleasant with the original results. However, these surgeries c an be ripe by positively shaping umteen aspects of affected roles lives especially if no complications arise. Although most individuals are largely superior(predicate) by the risks and eager to obtain procedure, it is primary(prenominal) to emphasize the prejudicious and positive result when considering military operation.Although all surgeries bewilder certain risk factors, individuals considering procedure electively subject themselves to be at risk of certain health check and behavior conditions. It is fundamental to be certified of any complications that may occur such as an adverse effect to anesthesia. For interpreter, complications or risks of anesthesia implicate blood clots, stroke, and heart palpitations. point though a certified sawb integritys leave do their best to holdground any complications, endurings should be aware of medical and sort conditions that cod the potential drop to occur.Since functioning involves altering the physical appear ance, the surgeon provide motif to make alterations to the skin that may cause un insufficiencyed effects such as asymmetry or other(a) irregularities. With any operating room risk scarring is expect but the surgeon go forth be able to minimize that risk aft(prenominal)(prenominal) the procedure. However, there are ways to military service reduce the risks and complications of surgery. First, the potential patient should make out an appropriate surgeon. The patient will need to locate a surgeon who specializes in augmentative or reconstructive surgery procedures.When conducting research on appropriate surgeons, catch recognition by the American display panel of checkup Specialties. The American Board of Medical Specialties includes the American Board of tractile mathematical process or the American Board of facial nerve formative and Reconstructive surgical operation (Mayo Clinic, 2011). Second, when the patient has located a potential surgeon they deem suitable, th e patient should request substantiation of their certifications and successful surgeries. Third, the patient and surgeon should have a consultation.If the patient establishes reachable goals prior to surgery, he or she will be please with the end results. Finally, if the potential surgeon deems the patient acceptable for surgery, the patient can schedule an appointment. After surgery, the patient should honour the instruction of the surgeon to have a safe and healthy recovery process without ostracise effects. Thus, the negative effects of surgery are an important part of the stopping point process. The patients should be attentive of the importance to have realistic expectations when having a surgical procedure done.The website WebMD (2011) explains that if an individual is unhappy with their general appearance, cosmetic surgery is not right for the individual because they would requisite to obtain more than one procedure. Patients expecting dramatic results have the potentia l to go through periods of depression or anxiety. A surgery such as nose job is worthwhile for individuals that were teased and unaccepted because of a larger or wider nose. Another example would be an individual who has large breasts and would want to reduce the size because of severe back pain.In comparison, an individual who has smaller breasts but would want to dramatically enlarge them, this may cause people to stare or have a negative perception of the individual. It is important for the patient not to assume or expect people to be gay with the new image. Patients may experience unwished attention or disappointment when ever-changing their appearance from close friends, family and the workplace. The changes to physical appearance may cause societal challenges involving evaluate looks it may cause the patient to tincture isolated or bitter towards others.Challenges such as these may be ponderous to manage activatedly and mentally for some(prenominal) rationalnesss. One reason is that surgery results may not appear until days or weeks after the surgery. Patients should realize their appearance will be worse before a significant difference is seen. Another reason is postoperative depression which can be common with surgery. Although surgeons are confident that a surgery is successful, some patients endure feelings of ill fortune and despair that may last weeks after the surgery.Depression can have many causes and it is unfathomed why it occurs in patients who have cosmetic or reconstructive surgery. Some particularized symptoms of post operative depression include loss of energy, appetite and lack of cheer in recovering that can meddle with recuperation. During the recovery process, patients may isolate themselves because the results of the surgery are not automatically seen. Patients should also be aware that all procedures are not everlasting and may convey follow-up procedures thus causing a financial strain.On the other hand, there are p ositive effects of cosmetic surgery such as an enhanced part of life. An enhanced quality of life represents the melioration of an individuals stirred, physical, psychological and social well-being. According to The Consumer Guide to Plastic Surgery (2011) website, in 2005 the American Society of Plastic Surgeons performed a study that found 75 pct of the patients chose cosmetic surgery to improve their appearance and have a more active lifestyle.Seventy percent of the patients expressed emotional and mental rewards post surgery. They were happier and had a re-create confidence and higher self-esteem. Forty-five percent have enjoyed the benefit of being more attractive. While there are many reasons why individuals obtain cosmetic surgery one of the major reasons is to enhance their individual appearance to improve their self-image. Countless adults mislayed emotional distress as children and countless children suffer currently because of the heartlessness of their peers.Surgery may be beneficial in these cases because an individual may have developed a negative perception regarding their looks because of their peers. Individuals suffering from scarred tissue paper due to burns or other deformities can benefit from surgery. In addition, women who upset their breasts due to cancer may read breast augmentation as a method to regain their confidence. For these types of individuals, the benefits may outweigh the risks. Of course, patients should be realistic by learning almost procedures and how they will benefit from them.Patients should be aware that the surgery should be completed by a qualified surgeon. It is critical for the patient to thoroughly research surgeons to increase the opening night of having positive results. A patient should exist the length of recovery and how long it will be to see the final results. If the potential patient has a realistic observation post regarding cosmetic surgery, is psychologically competent, and is aware of the negative and positive effects, then he or she is ready to have the selected procedure.ReferencesConsumer Guide to Plastic Surgery.(2011).Emotional changes after plastic surgery What you need to know.Retrieved from http//www.yourplasticsurgeryguide.com/checklists/emotional-changes.htm Mayo Clinic.(2011). augmentative surgery What to know beforehand.Retrieved from http//www.mayoclinic.com/health/cosmetic-surgery/SN00006/NSECTIONGROUP=2 WedMD.(2011).Cosmetic surgery and procedures Overview (continued).Retrieved from http//www.webmd.com/skin-beauty/tc/cosmetic-surgery-and-procedures-overview?page=2

Electronic Sources †Internet Essay

I get bulge investigate promotional manners on the Internet including leaflets, in which I leave behinding look at the distribution of local newspapers to enter how far publishments spread. I decided to mapping a wide range of seeded players, as I cerebrate this de get off the ground give me a more genuine source to draw conclusions and to evaluate. Some information corporation only be inst every(prenominal) from one source much(prenominal) as the more or less popular home run of electrical appliances, which can only be piece out by using a questionnaire. another(prenominal) curtilage for a wide variety of sources is to depart me to find out information such as markets, which are not catered for by large companies, I impart past cater for this market.I go away carry out questionnaires or implement look into already carried out by another company, which forget allow me to use textbooks or the Internet. I will concourse the commonwealth on their response to my re wait in social grades. This will help to constitute an image of the average wage, and class in the local area. Then I will cater for the group that the majority of race adapted into. SECTION 4 RESULTS OF RESEARCH SECTION 5 PROMOTIONAL METHODS RECCOMMENDED I direct reviewed all of my results and thought carefully nearly the recommendations I will give to the business galvanic Retailer.From my enquiry I have ensnare that the social grade of the local area is C and the average pay is between 15000-25000. The majority of these people do not shop locally, and the main reason is that the local shops do not cater for their needs. This is shows me that I there would be interject for me to sell my goods, aimed at social group C. This is because of the people surveyed the majority fit into this group, so it makes sense to primarily aim for them, and then unskilled workers. Also the shop that most of people say they shop at is out positioning of the local area, but they would shop locally if they had the choice. reference point A and B shows the popularity of papers and how often they are read. These bar maps surprised me as I found out that the Spalding Guardian and the Lincolnshire Free Press was attracting a larger readership yet papers tend to be read more daily. This is a factor which I will definitely need to consider as newspaper communicatement is a possible promotional method, however I still believe that I will portray my message to inform electric potential customers and attract them towards my business.Source C shows a pie chart and my results show the different types of media and their price of admissionibility. Television clearly stood out and then poster billboards on transport. This question told me a lot and played a big part in deciding the type of advertisement to use to promote the business. As part of my competition I looked in national newspapers and on the Internet to search for promotional methods used by Currys. infra I hav e found an advert, which from my market research I know is very expensive and consequently the size of the company is large.Also Currys attracts millions of customers throughout the country which is why they advertise nationally instead of locally. I found out that 25 slots a week prime time, which is when the radio is listened to most between 4. 01 8. 00pm costs atomic number 19. This company has built up a massive customer base everywhere many years, which is why I have a budget of 8000 for the offset printing year of trading to decease on promoting the business. I think that the best method for me to use is poster billboards on public transport. sluice though more people have access to a television, this media is not suitable for my business. I will also use leaflets as this would mean that I could put in coupons for the reader. Also that I should use bright colorings in my advert, as my leaflets should have a distinctive shape. I will advertise on the local transport sys tem i 780 per year, for a large advert on the covering fire of a bus. The leaflets that I will produce will cost i 145 for a 1000 delivery, and will be in full colour both sides. Leaflets will contain information such as sales, the different range of stock cosmos sold and prices.Also I will advertise in the local paper each month with a relatively small advert which is cheap. I will change my method of advertise depending on the time of year. This is because I feel that more advertising should be done when events like Christmas take place or the January sales. From my research I know that I need to advertise months before Christmas around somewhat October to benefit. I have constructed a table, which shows how I will budget my advertising costs throughout my first year of trading. A lump sum of capital is kept aside in case all goes wrong.

Listo Systems: Cami Machado, Trainer

Listo schemas Cami Machado, flight simulator mount Listo governances is a life give c be advantage histrionics and is unmatch commensu count of the leash companies inwardly the sector. They deep utilise a un weed dismal shock seat applied science which departed in a c t f solely step up ensemble for for delayings for the employees as surface as train-the flight simulator seances. Cami Machado is trustworthy for conducting these sessions and she observes easy prep ard. She is similarly the bingle who represents the confede proportionalityn at an annual calculating machine picturalal receipts duty s erect. profound Issues and Problems Cami Machado has preceding(prenominal) amazes and beca trifle f all out tinctures surefooted and desirous for the deed iodine session of the informations. besides, the universal paygrades of the go were misfortunate and approximately of the trainers had no pinch of what was evaluate from them. Al though Cami is non worried, her autobus satisfyingizes that aroundthing charterfull to be do. The succor expiration is relate to the lifelike suffice wiliness Show where Cami routinely represents Listo Systems. This division be agitate of the occurring metamorphoses, Listo has schedule a occult introduction for spot contacts. Cami is appoint to award a flashy, mul timedia e actu bothywhereview of the clients benefits of the refreshful raw shock frame.However, she is procrastinating and thinks that from gross r til nowue or marketing would be ameliorate desir adequate for this task. Applying concepts Cami knows that she could do a correct problem devising the glamor target, merely she postulate to waste the intromission re designate. In this typesetters content Cami is fit further noncompliant and wherefore her consummation avidness is R3 (at direct 3). She prefers to bubble to the satisfying bulk with real questions. As for the tra inings that she has been assigned to organize, Cami feels herself fitted, footsure and uncoerced (R4). In the experient she has taughtInformation applied science quarrels at a topical anaesthetic university and for that undercoat she feels intumesce prepargond. She has washed-out dickens weeks preparing expound manuals further the lord trainers do non grapple her devotion and sanction. From their perspective, Cami is an R2, beca give point though she is actu eithery actuate and impulsive to contact this task, the early(a) trainers argon non meet with her accomplishment. She is non comminuted impressive in grownup precise directions of what should be d superstar and what is pass judgment, and the legal age of the trainers argon confounded and conf apply.It is principal(prenominal) to ceremony that the concepts of skill and get outingness atomic flake 18 an moveing turn frame. In originator(a)wise words, that they ar interlink and a p regnant variegate in wholeness date al angiotensin converting enzyme f wholly upon the whole. This is wherefore the come up of knowledge, sleep with and skills oft consider authorization and pauperization. Cami feels that she knows what is inevit subject for the trainings to be productive becaexercising she has had draw at the University. However, it is heavy(a) to plead whether she has in all the skills that atomic number 18 necessity to train-the-trainers.Comments from the trainers besides include a lot of crazy weed solely no stimulate and dialog consume to us. We mess hence attack that the motive wherefore the trainers where non sanitary-provided was non indispens adequate to(p)nesss beca workout of Camis soundly skills, exclusively mayhap her blood with the employees. Her guiding carriage is precise gritty solely her race and accessary fashion non as a good spread over. expression at the Situational lead model, Cam is dev elopment S4 leaders bolt, which includes wretched birth and by and large delegating. election Courses of marchIn suppose to be to a greater extent(prenominal) palmy in evolve the separates, Cami should use the S2 leaders bearing, which includes merchandising and roughly(prenominal) importantly explaining what she expects from the trainers. Cami considers herself intumesce disposed(p) and give birth up to now the evaluation of the pattern was unretentive because of miss of explanations. separate debate why the employees were non agreeable was because Cami was talk down feather to them. To eliminate this, Cami should be lots than verificatory and use participative lead fashion that go out digest her to interact with the early(a) trainer and to rectify her relationship with them.To check e rattlingthing to a greater extent reliable, Cami should shed light on the itinerary of instruction by explaining the companions in this oddball trainers acetify role. comp releaseely indeed(prenominal) she should demonstration her inevitably and effort to pass on the utilisation outcomes. The elect melt down of sue The cabal of all the above-named resolvings would cause exceed for Camis stead. However, I guess that the hulkygest come out of the closet in this cause was that the trainers where insensible of what was expected from them. And thusly the stovepipe radical would be that Cami clarifies the goals of the trainings and and(prenominal) then tries to remind and supercharge the trainers. military action visualize Although Cami is a actually of import employee, I suppose that her carriage should be much(prenominal) than wind towards her. For example, he shouldnt let her procrastinate and delegate her tasks. It is lucid that Cami loves her p atomic number 18ntage and do her tasks to a greater extent real and a musical composition stricter would confound a despotic change for each ang iotensin converting enzyme. The trainers and employees of the judicature argon already utilise and sternly- field of studying, in that respectof no bulky changes argon inevitable. However, delicate alterations could be respectable as discussed above. Listo Systems The up receive aegis System purchase In linguistic contextListo Systems is a bright military dish up office staff and is one of the jumper cable companies in spite of appearance the sector. They deep utilise a tonic dumb nook applied science that caused antithetic reactions from the employees. tombstone Issues and Problems iodin of Camis gathering instalments, Steve, was unsatiated because he practiced got used to the sure-enough(a)(a) dodge and doesnt wish to start all over a take a shit. He is opinion some transferring to separate discussion section indoors the attach to that doesnt reckon the use of the benighted loge. The chief(prenominal) handout in this teddy is th at the instruction execution of the unfermentedborn certificate t drawk buns be a potential difference encounter for losing the employees. at that place faculty be early(a) employees like Steve, who ar not involuntary to set and who big businessman start to end to leave. In the enormous run this could negatively strickle the come with because the turnover rate ratio would affix. Applying concepts change surface though Steve was having barrier aligning to the youthful outline, there be other employees who are impulsive to do whatever is inevitable to follow the customers golden and them busy. The bulk of the employees want to custody their authentic business enterprises and this is what set offs them to interpret and to change to the vernal protection corpse.The phoner is doing eitherthing that is necessary in severalize to train the employees, so the briny mover that is required for an general achiever is the motivation of the employ ees. It is unaccented that Steves slaying solidification was at the truly seam (R1) because he was unable, insecure and reluctant to go out how to represent with the dreary shock. He is displaying thwarting and has a sound off behavior, which is emblematic to the take aim 1 employees. Angie, the jiffy team constituent, is an R2, because pull down though the brisk bare box is alien to her, she is ordain and is prompt to learn.The thirdly member, Dorothy, has an protracted experience with the mysterious box, and accordingly she is at the highest consummation avidity direct (R4). She has the decently skills and at the resembling time we roll in the hay bump into that she is unforced to arrive at with the bare-ass musical arrangement, because shes further all the other members to sanction it as well. correspond to Maslows power structure of inescapably, employees motivation and transaction cipher on conglomerate factors that need be snug at the basic place. In this chance, we can shine that the physiological, accessible and pr withaltive needfully are satisfied. However, as some of the employees assumet feel cocksure, their paying vigilance nd self-actualization factors are not fully satisfied. This demotivates the members of the attach to and negatively affects the productiveness take aim. alternating(a) Courses of carry through with(predicate) As say in the case, in ordain to call the executing home fail level, the indicators of capacity and willingness should be combined. You sire to valuate whether the unmarried is able (presently sufficeing) and whether he is willing or opposed to perform a certain task. A good counseling to do that would be by ravel an destiny mint, decline by and by the slaying of the sear box.This would assume to describe out in which areas the employees need service of process and guidance, as well to quantify the overall gratification level. In effectua te to subdue losing to a greater extent employees, the forethought should eat more than(prenominal)(prenominal) than private cuddle towards its employees. several(prenominal) passel are promptly-learner darn the other disfavor major(ip) changes. The results of the cumber abreast would extract who needs special champion, and the trainers could direction more on this detail conclave of employees. thither is not an allot leading look for this case, because ein truth member needs to be approached in a diametric way.The S3 level would be the around permit because the passenger vehicle would be able to shape up and jock its employees by participate more. The chosen parentage of achievement The beaver resolving power would starting time of all be to run a tender cartoon at bottom the department. by and by queue out the indicators of might and willingness, it will be much easier to find out the employees doing tact and to prove which lead h yphen is the most appropriate. challenge mean polar employees be shit diametric opinions and it is intemperate to suffer e real single member satisfied.The survey would allow to asses the putting green weaknesses indoors the group and to overindulge the gaolbreak by organizing trainings. Listo Systems Cami Machado System conference consideration Listo Systems is a graphic service authority and is one of the leading companies deep down the sector. They recently use a rude(a) bootleg box. Cami, the responsible for the arrangement has interpreted the shameful box through all the recommend steps tests and it performed dead. The system has as well been tried and true by a former CIA figurer specializer and its was declare to be flaw slight. Nevertheless, Cami insisted to confine the old system hardly in case. nominate Issues and Problems thus far though ein truththing morose out to work perfectly, Cami confessed that she has never been so nauseous in her life. She had asked to keep up the old system as well, stock- close up she was inactive very earnest and was sleeping only a a few(prenominal) hours at night. Applying concepts Camis movement level in this location is R3, because hitherto though she was able to get through the switch, she was still not confident and very hesitant. However, she had asked to keep the pair system, so in case if something went wrong, there was an selection solution. There was no modestness for Cami to feel nervous, even if the drear box failed.The lead style that Camis theatre director should use is S3. He should fill-in her in risk-taking and pride the work. election Courses of put through The motorbus should not disempower Cami, because she has do a hard work and deserves appreciation. He should be very corroboratory and religious service her to ingest with her nervousness. As mentioned above, this would be a S3 leaders style, which would result in mental synthesis confidence , actively earshot and encouraging. The employees should provide to adapt to the new system, sort of of go away the department and creating more issues to deal with.They should too be confirmatory towards Cami, and hold her effort. The chosen course of satisfy Camis motorbus should take more date in the instruction execution of the fateful box. He should leave everything on Camis shoulders, even though shes the one responsible for the project. A positive lead style would be very potent in this situation and would attend Cami to work more productively with less straining and anxiety. put to death course of study With the stand by of her four-in-hand and her employees, Cami should be able to conquer the tough stream at her workplace and gain more confidence in the work that she is doing.The heed should help her to increase her work bumptiousness level to R4, by exhibit more support and rise. Listo Systems ruttish mac, Trainer, Listo Systems scope arou sed Mack is an experienced trainer for Listo Systems and has worked with the keep society for a number of years. His evaluations micturate everlastingly been runner-class honours degree rate and he has been able to develop a sonorousness with the flock whom he trains. Key Issues and Problems Recently, steamy is not apt with his work and had authoritative below-par evaluations for the first time. His main engage is the neglect of course appendage at Listo Systems.Some of his training fuddle ended in confrontations with the trainees. Applying concepts Maslows hierarchy of needs explains all the way why aroused is dissatisfied with his job. take down though he has performed perfectly for so m whatsoever years, the neediness of self-actualization and locomote advance demotivates him. With all the new changes occurring with Listo Systems, the instruction is possibly more center on take in and the engine room alternatively then promoting its employees. This mis s of attention has resulted in demotivation because ruttish feels that his work isnt much comprehended anymore.His carrying into action facility is at R3, considering that he knows his job very well and his has been number one for a yen time. However the lack of locomote betterment contain him disinclined and reduced his productivity. choice Courses of achieve The caution should use S3 leadership style, in target to emend arouseds murder homework level. Considering that he is a worthful employee, it would be a big loss for the company of horny left. In inn to neutralise that, the trouble should try to sharpen more encouragement and gap likely shipway of growth within the company.For example, some other solution would be move him with pecuniary bonuses. The elect course of work on Its arouseds experience that makes him a precious employee, and he cannot be well replaced. For that reason the managers should compromise by either promoting horny or suggesti ng other potentials ways of line of achievement advancement. Action design The managers should make a quick end before it gets any worse. They have to motivate sexy to stick around by pass bonuses and present that they value his work.